{"id":"W4408921930","doi":"10.1007/s13304-025-02078-4","title":"Protocol for an international multicenter, prospective, observational, non-competitive, study to validate and optimise prediction models of 90-day and 1-year allograft failure after liver transplantation: The global IMPROVEMENT Study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Updates in Surgery","topic":"Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes","field":"Medicine","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto General Hospital","funders":"Erasmus Universitair Medisch Centrum Rotterdam; Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Università di Pisa; Tongji University; Ministero della Salute; Baylor University Medical Center; Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca; Università degli Studi di Milano; National Cancer Institute; Università Degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emila; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; School of Medicine, Indiana University; Baylor University","keywords":"Medicine; Observational study; Protocol (science); Liver transplantation; Transplantation; Multicenter study; Surgery; Prospective cohort study; Randomized controlled trial; Internal medicine; Alternative medicine; Pathology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004471963,0.0001481033,0.0002470843,0.000142615,0.00004960483,0.00004095702,0.00007543316,0.00003743795,0.0000488302],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002801613,0.0001108875,0.00004340128,0.0001782906,0.000045152,0.0002821929,0.00003213432,0.00007298968,2.460559e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005593504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004939327,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006888135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002393181,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988682,0.00006212064,0.0004171078,0.0003207432,0.0002094309,0.0001223748],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999332,0.0001964053,0.00007589332,0.0001578288,0.0001906846,0.00004719791],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002064503,0.001386022,0.993174,0.000334281,0.0001176791,0.00001179374,0.002152099,0.00003935559,0.00004354011,0.0001730608,0.0001664748,0.0003371908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003546119,0.0006219333,0.9911054,0.0002447368,0.0001267559,0.000003253687,0.001952671,0.001198144,0.0007634427,0.0001351319,0.0002050828,0.00009730684],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9105024,0.000004289198,0.004027416,0.0004219557,0.00007757564,0.08410091,0.0007172104,0.00004183613,0.0001063953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9377608,0.00003566469,0.003183249,0.0002402855,0.00002626088,0.0585648,0.000137348,0.00001028932,0.00004126374],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02725842,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4521862,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0325017230788237,"score_gpt":0.3419002622722341,"score_spread":0.3093985391934104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}