{"id":"W4408944460","doi":"10.1063/5.0260671","title":"A predictive model for overland flow velocity on vegetated slopes considering various environmental factors","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Soil erosion and sediment transport","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Hebei Province Graduate Innovation Funding Project; Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Physics; Flow (mathematics); Surface runoff; Mechanics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000311904,0.0004745488,0.0004577361,0.0005588399,0.0002715225,0.0007302757,0.0008434401,0.0006803102,0.0004941803],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009935636,0.0002876129,0.0005447014,0.0006891796,0.0003432246,0.0005739762,0.0003493377,0.0005660348,0.0001344612],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004679856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009067126,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02108886,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01165121,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998869,0.00001607252,0.000007088794,0.00004402349,0.00002647329,0.00001950169],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997651,0.0001082809,0.00004122002,0.00001627289,0.00005873516,0.00001038083],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009475976,0.00001065916,0.001261825,0.000008657053,0.000006684493,0.00002601693,0.00001025122,0.99271,0.000706682,0.0003523261,0.00006760113,0.004829827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[8.110337e-7,0.000003051631,0.0002958487,0.000001079459,0.000002131382,0.000002306893,0.000001935062,0.9994714,0.00009362919,0.00009609373,0.0000305285,0.000001360789],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5139819,0.0004306218,0.4796363,0.0002107102,0.00005962817,0.00006409737,0.0005725644,0.0007860038,0.004258181],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890524,0.0001723433,0.009477327,0.00001360741,0.00001097019,0.00004440068,0.0002739252,0.00001574308,0.0009393862],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02108886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04193223,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02254321468684169,"score_gpt":0.220198611738607,"score_spread":0.1976553970517653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}