{"id":"W4408991804","doi":"10.1017/heq.2025.4","title":"Race, Language, and Contested Solidarities: The Heritage-Language and Black Cultural-Heritage Programs in Ontario in the 1970s and ’80s","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"History of Education Quarterly","topic":"Canadian Identity and History","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Race (biology); Heritage language; Sociology; Gender studies; Cultural heritage; Anthropology; Political science; Pedagogy; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001995796,0.0001814378,0.0003595923,0.0016534,0.02611892,0.003919711,0.001116537,0.001003012,0.003898513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003011158,0.0003403971,0.0001754061,0.002103993,0.009490773,0.001156045,0.004325041,0.002106217,0.0001602862],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1165805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1250001,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9934708,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9986694,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974837,0.0002787616,0.00002854907,0.0001257688,0.000450089,0.001633088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964681,0.0004395977,0.0004130355,0.00007637481,0.0006052729,0.001997677],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002173527,0.0001115749,0.1392727,0.0001036841,0.00002181294,0.000727787,0.7636242,0.0002116621,0.001529012,0.04777445,0.01185663,0.03454918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002042853,0.00004666115,0.3366641,0.000180184,0.00001979416,0.00006337485,0.5125557,0.0002126093,0.0005408549,0.00163996,0.1480092,0.00004715169],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9482222,0.0005783028,0.000113888,0.009734108,0.0000512122,0.00003973523,0.000149236,0.000008014029,0.04110322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873744,0.0002578798,0.00006723559,0.0005517511,0.00001043406,0.00001764416,0.000041839,0.000007813704,0.01167094],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1165805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8458548,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01720625446066032,"score_gpt":0.2592610912210042,"score_spread":0.2420548367603439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}