{"id":"W4409015619","doi":"10.1080/10106049.2025.2476602","title":"Remote sensing of land cover change dynamics in mountainous catchments and semi-arid environments: a review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Geocarto International","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Mastercard Foundation","keywords":"Arid; Land cover; Geography; Remote sensing; Cover (algebra); Land use; Physical geography; Environmental resource management; Cartography; Hydrology (agriculture); Environmental science; Geology; Ecology; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002504833,0.0002357002,0.0007222467,0.00008853778,0.0000236182,0.00001835941,0.0002518637,0.0001247253,0.0003221532],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002094533,0.0001947898,0.00009935164,0.0001677137,0.00001980065,0.0001391471,0.000390122,0.0001432576,0.0001294519],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005956466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002005275,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002601799,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001706866,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985654,0.00007455482,0.0005031119,0.0003601884,0.0003133573,0.0001833429],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993679,0.00006583705,0.000293237,0.0002236217,0.00000601803,0.00004341725],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005067308,0.00004299673,0.004789691,0.02108604,0.0001282804,0.00004184353,0.00007420682,0.00001750091,1.699527e-7,0.00001073233,0.0002396597,0.9735638],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002019653,0.00001480626,0.000281121,0.04782232,0.0002001585,0.00004530086,0.000005445806,0.003867362,3.021574e-7,0.0000517049,0.9472817,0.0002277774],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003673381,0.9945084,0.00003873763,0.0001013609,0.0002850395,0.0006669481,0.0002185203,0.000007361363,0.003806246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0003735141,0.9983916,0.00007922306,0.0002879458,0.00004922701,0.000009883929,0.0004306974,0.0000127867,0.0003650825],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.973336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7943296,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01766651558391094,"score_gpt":0.2755396897950925,"score_spread":0.2578731742111816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}