{"id":"W4409143066","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5169869","title":"Proportionality and Precaution","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Risk Perception and Management","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"York University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Proportionality (law); Law; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002092155,0.00003441017,0.00004386467,0.0000541067,0.0005026626,0.0000564619,0.00006768019,0.00002980925,0.00007487218],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005275276,0.00003101369,0.00002514062,0.0001132779,0.00008124621,0.0001216817,0.00001537735,0.0003192632,0.000009545658],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000538019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001156105,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003646542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005760209,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990071,0.0000984025,0.00009722116,0.00007653822,0.0001483706,0.0005723908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999839,0.000008617682,0.00003889505,0.00003738855,0.00004416178,0.00003191117],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005503445,0.00001565746,0.002537368,0.000001482021,0.00001762333,1.21797e-7,0.000456117,0.000001254967,0.00001204033,0.9199834,0.0005707527,0.07639868],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001754035,0.00002262016,0.01837339,0.000006931748,0.00001440987,0.000003083236,0.006931438,0.00001137186,0.000002470715,0.7339822,0.2404311,0.00004555408],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6207627,0.003008157,0.05838569,0.05509606,0.0008114958,0.0005358747,8.115119e-7,0.0001339397,0.2612652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9564022,0.009234817,0.00004131732,0.0001943267,0.00009618197,0.000003486957,5.991757e-7,0.000001494505,0.03402561],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3356394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3866125,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009114801770842826,"score_gpt":0.3239508514412772,"score_spread":0.3148360496704343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}