{"id":"W4409151145","doi":"10.1029/2025tc008942","title":"Tectonics in Turbulence: Defending Science in Unstable Times","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Tectonics","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey; National Park Service; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Geology; Turbulence; Tectonics; Geophysics; Seismology; Meteorology; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005850247,0.0003455286,0.0005004711,0.001353116,0.006436193,0.01067783,0.001233576,0.006074777,0.00786189],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01211976,0.0001351874,0.0003853967,0.001008688,0.05204711,0.01200222,0.0057632,0.009243933,0.0006990473],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005717113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005035151,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006405105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005641561,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981154,0.0008432033,0.00006418825,0.0002411003,0.0003695181,0.0003666271],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9932647,0.003892073,0.0005936635,0.0006352013,0.0006243795,0.0009899694],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001467105,0.000004673389,0.0002263592,0.00002066473,0.000004602234,0.00003796217,0.002556399,0.000404059,0.00008173448,0.9904203,0.004218842,0.002009648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006708869,0.000006085307,0.000261171,0.00004536611,0.000002508777,0.00001365895,0.001883429,0.0003883275,0.00006487398,0.9759102,0.02140941,0.000008347515],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.05559773,0.009593301,0.02135063,0.7081017,0.00463759,0.00003189053,0.00008800373,0.0001397981,0.2004593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9700641,0.002030768,0.001635681,0.01456568,0.003042653,0.0000255299,0.00001820493,0.0000687768,0.008548579],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9935638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04148078,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01874231976456585,"score_gpt":0.2481194420282559,"score_spread":0.22937712226369,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}