{"id":"W4409158386","doi":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104052","title":"From investment to net benefits: A review of guidelines and methodologies for cost–benefit analysis in the electricity sector","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Energy Research & Social Science","topic":"Electric Power System Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions","keywords":"Investment (military); Electricity; Cost–benefit analysis; Business; Environmental economics; Natural resource economics; Industrial organization; Economics; Risk analysis (engineering); Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009838098,0.0002354579,0.001359094,0.001228062,0.0002089483,0.00009845196,0.001241635,0.0001553836,0.000005717824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005703112,0.0001656543,0.0002244581,0.01641876,0.0001533955,0.00009954659,0.0001962193,0.0002600665,3.970903e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005164174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006057483,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001150971,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004688562,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963786,0.0008089325,0.0007947239,0.000517135,0.0009391002,0.0005615344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959402,0.002802368,0.0001365724,0.0003830997,0.0006544605,0.00008331516],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003081672,0.00001259186,0.000002380745,0.0123357,0.000206318,6.765562e-7,0.0001920442,0.001502167,0.000005017887,0.009160594,0.004972633,0.9716068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000148231,0.0001192137,0.0000446659,0.03128552,0.0009724014,0.00000110631,0.00009027875,0.004851134,0.00005637929,0.001807245,0.9600899,0.0005338771],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000002735404,0.9836169,0.0138979,0.0001908334,0.00007961012,0.001243845,0.0001043328,0.00002947011,0.0008343189],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001778649,0.9937347,0.004636056,0.0001843745,0.0001159657,0.001183631,0.00005171371,0.00001396908,0.00006180665],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9710729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7888668,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2624884892417818,"score_gpt":0.4851529172078148,"score_spread":0.222664427966033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}