{"id":"W4409260669","doi":"10.1098/rsos.250198","title":"Landmark-free statistical shape modelling reveals effects of age and sex on whole muscle morphology among the triceps surae","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Royal Society Open Science","topic":"Sports Performance and Training","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of Queensland","keywords":"Anatomy; Landmark; Curvature; Variation (astronomy); Sexual dimorphism; Triceps surae muscle; Skeletal muscle; Gastrocnemius muscle; Magnetic resonance imaging; Biology; Medicine; Geometry; Mathematics; Computer science; Physics; Zoology; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001304861,0.00009623028,0.0002617144,0.00003040176,0.0003157501,0.00006863925,0.0005165525,0.00005516362,0.00002536586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001138985,0.00006276117,0.00004572811,0.0003804213,0.0008283141,0.0001102566,0.0003554753,0.0002070712,0.000002373246],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003310756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001335072,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003401629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006239906,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989063,0.00001339472,0.0001902164,0.0003215059,0.0002955637,0.0002730355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991974,0.0002586021,0.00006307664,0.0003522275,0.00004974904,0.00007892821],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002049864,0.0004536585,0.9019248,0.0007564536,0.000146175,0.0002548858,0.01120124,0.004543939,0.005734581,0.005179863,0.01715553,0.05244388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001200047,0.0001673634,0.8642851,0.0001857855,0.00004775465,0.000002687254,0.0005585334,0.1324431,0.0003756515,0.0004209051,0.0002358995,0.00007713628],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925121,0.00007629762,0.001431761,0.0003695312,0.00008041699,0.0004502966,0.00000531569,0.0000123136,0.005061976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953007,0.00002973985,0.002330938,0.0009604099,0.00002554871,0.00001736511,0.000004120323,0.000005329502,0.001325847],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1278992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3051958,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01947550429727034,"score_gpt":0.3022812584499999,"score_spread":0.2828057541527295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}