{"id":"W4409321970","doi":"10.1007/s12145-025-01884-z","title":"Evaluating ecosystem services under various trajectories and land use/land cover changes in a densely populated area, Iran","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Science Informatics","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Land cover; Ecosystem services; Land use; Environmental resource management; Cover (algebra); Land use, land-use change and forestry; Geography; Ecosystem; Land development; Environmental science; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009526231,0.0001622328,0.0002175821,0.0001638511,0.0003410488,0.0004606972,0.0003052366,0.00007186562,0.0001042895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002826798,0.0001209562,0.00001729161,0.0009123394,0.00006358351,0.001515956,0.0002204351,0.0001037633,0.00006981025],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006859029,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004212459,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003033299,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1020715,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984867,0.00003175789,0.0003919734,0.0002004238,0.0004732553,0.0004158742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994066,0.0000874917,0.0001518606,0.0002324795,0.00002271387,0.00009886552],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001182139,0.00001324735,0.9744437,0.0001705827,0.000005897343,0.000001894616,0.003851076,0.02076563,0.0001547775,0.00002237658,0.000005855288,0.0005531668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004943532,0.00006489907,0.657411,0.0002581743,0.00001471291,0.00001469053,0.0007772669,0.3400183,0.0002607379,0.0001697864,0.0003279566,0.0001881193],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979489,0.00003445609,0.00005166594,0.00008727807,0.0001882053,0.0002885573,0.0000129435,0.00004132941,0.001346591],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987812,0.00002448728,0.0006742441,0.0004267352,0.00001043424,0.000009388154,0.000005024447,0.000004495054,0.00006397004],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3192527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9143133,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02675866522000728,"score_gpt":0.2621700120712134,"score_spread":0.2354113468512061,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}