{"id":"W4409360198","doi":"10.1139/cgj-2024-0504","title":"A 10-year study of HDPE geomembrane longevity in contact with low pH solutions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal","topic":"Landfill Environmental Impact Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Geomembrane; High-density polyethylene; Geotechnical engineering; Longevity; Geosynthetics; Forensic engineering; Environmental science; Geology; Materials science; Polyethylene; Engineering; Composite material; Gerontology; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005077029,0.000271105,0.0005120433,0.0003536555,0.0003584079,0.0003673464,0.0002234982,0.0005774947,0.0007806683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005541209,0.00009519579,0.0003434501,0.0003819948,0.0002098947,0.0003841461,0.0002357776,0.0003443795,0.0002416573],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003554696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000152345,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002517913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002880318,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997975,0.00001757897,0.00001540205,0.0000548277,0.00007130573,0.00004348917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995878,0.00006682826,0.00008014268,0.00003247867,0.000191787,0.00004095287],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005129901,0.0001367707,0.0137123,0.000167535,0.00004480064,0.0002974292,0.0003578796,0.0008718848,0.9726245,0.00007645165,0.000137512,0.01106007],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001930467,0.004275974,0.1939209,0.00004709505,0.0002023189,0.0005732157,0.000675076,0.003074619,0.791657,0.00008532873,0.005414,0.00005515356],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984932,0.0003977623,0.0004377314,0.00001259623,0.000006976979,0.000009679807,0.000274148,0.00001019408,0.0003577366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976555,0.0003137731,0.0003856252,0.00001569497,0.000004811937,0.00001457652,0.0004316172,0.00000491109,0.00117343],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002517913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005006552,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008498695432256297,"score_gpt":0.2154328002849321,"score_spread":0.2069341048526758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}