{"id":"W4409387610","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115738","title":"Demand response based battery energy storage systems design and operation optimization","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy and Buildings","topic":"Smart Grid Energy Management","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Battery (electricity); Energy storage; Battery storage; Automotive engineering; Energy (signal processing); Demand response; Computer science; Environmental science; Engineering; Reliability engineering; Electrical engineering; Power (physics); Electricity","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003402029,0.0001573854,0.0001444344,0.0002343621,0.0001229833,0.0001378104,0.00006540988,0.00008984437,0.00001086605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001992134,0.0001609998,0.00001591291,0.0001680648,0.00002739243,0.0001772716,0.0000370242,0.00003882355,2.733002e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005766976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001442676,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000522098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003988798,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992425,0.0001195168,0.0001725775,0.0002191354,0.00008746386,0.0001588058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996208,0.0001441681,0.00002137278,0.0001417248,0.00002229688,0.00004963569],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008004053,0.000006974089,0.00003559607,0.00003141626,0.00003592011,0.000005661261,0.00001910349,0.9828035,0.003255625,0.009502064,0.003744387,0.0004796897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003797238,0.00002880456,0.0001584549,0.00006700272,0.00002426835,0.000002493397,0.00001514719,0.951118,0.006790499,0.0000294185,0.04122734,0.0001588364],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02533275,0.001441666,0.9719715,0.0001668651,0.0004474703,0.00005181873,9.866696e-7,0.000179584,0.0004073449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990276,0.0003917696,0.007823111,0.0003475375,0.00006941603,0.00006466979,0.00001336192,0.00002537244,0.0009887893],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9649432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6565381,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005043817147784627,"score_gpt":0.1785840767786421,"score_spread":0.1735402596308575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}