{"id":"W4409400041","doi":"10.30773/pi.2024.0152","title":"The Clinical Utility of Biomarkers in Diagnosing Major Depressive Disorder in Adults: A Systematic Review of Literature From 2013 to 2023","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Psychiatry Investigation","topic":"Tryptophan and brain disorders","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation; University of Toronto","funders":"Anhui University","keywords":"Medicine; Major depressive disorder; Clinical psychology; Psychiatry; Cognition","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001174788,0.0003730342,0.001980832,0.0003283737,0.0000596479,0.00004003348,0.0007739979,0.0003336339,0.00001258251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01197825,0.0002519886,0.0004633077,0.002730566,0.0002472822,0.0001272996,0.0001303333,0.0005262092,0.0000106748],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000342221,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005017545,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002069868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009819035,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9931712,0.002661464,0.002812426,0.000740535,0.0003659574,0.0002484619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936289,0.003880691,0.001451857,0.0008710701,0.00007486818,0.00009258129],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002051253,0.0001252879,0.001611302,0.9736211,0.00004183404,0.000001260017,0.000124902,2.981017e-7,8.0748e-7,0.000153287,0.002308747,0.02199071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003897777,0.00002878635,0.0008109621,0.9948053,0.0002201862,8.817781e-7,0.00006459406,0.0000265155,0.000004650632,0.001582496,0.001856741,0.0002090904],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006035202,0.9921087,0.0000102557,0.001085335,0.0009410934,0.004848397,0.0003046393,0.00001558709,0.00008247508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001344065,0.9980482,0.0002611462,0.0007313566,0.00003705283,0.0006630833,0.00008902492,0.00002082529,0.00001491432],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02178163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999933,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03112893891621313,"score_gpt":0.346752925098448,"score_spread":0.3156239861822348,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}