{"id":"W4409418757","doi":"10.1186/s12910-025-01189-2","title":"Ethical implications related to processing of personal data and artificial intelligence in humanitarian crises: a scoping review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"BMC Medical Ethics","topic":"COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University; McGill University; Toronto East General Hospital; University Health Network; University of Toronto; Centre for Global Health Research; McGill University Health Centre; Montreal Children's Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Beneficence; Autonomy; Philosophy of medicine; Economic Justice; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Public relations; Political science; Medicine; Law; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008134964,0.0003398602,0.001524244,0.0003893294,0.0001643354,0.0001882412,0.003206097,0.001379949,0.00001805953],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1348434,0.0003098898,0.000139191,0.001956255,0.0002546756,0.0003244825,0.002750029,0.004541628,0.00001119457],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001316693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.04348936,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005211005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00546074,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9942932,0.001019833,0.001929722,0.001197023,0.00119609,0.0003641792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9656135,0.03164938,0.000480413,0.001546901,0.0003094625,0.0004003151],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[6.988249e-7,0.0000290253,0.000001160084,0.3806608,0.000006960758,0.000007896093,0.0005155919,2.709593e-7,2.400049e-8,0.03395189,0.00001796858,0.5848078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000276081,0.0000314081,0.00000243627,0.9875798,0.0001190578,0.00003037098,0.00002593422,0.001672763,1.025448e-7,0.003974209,0.006233911,0.0003023703],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[1.056427e-7,0.6783357,0.3147599,0.005665434,0.00008965263,0.0009588407,0.00002147007,0.00005039087,0.0001185537],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00003751013,0.9867367,0.00901418,0.00399103,0.00003746761,0.0001025804,0.00005616624,0.00001718289,0.000007175199],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6069191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999353,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3799385530471729,"score_gpt":0.5302642661996538,"score_spread":0.1503257131524809,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}