{"id":"W4409428050","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00056","title":"Canada’s Hydrogen Future: Innovations, Policies, and Global Perspectives","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Prince Edward Island; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Memorial University of Newfoundland; Mitacs; Government of Canada","keywords":"Hydrogen; Chemistry; Business; Natural resource economics; Economics; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001220085,0.000291505,0.0003348768,0.0001538669,0.0002605472,0.00007460135,0.0002977753,0.0001332132,0.0000801413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006096948,0.0002851981,0.00005561113,0.00108278,0.00009665907,0.000125242,0.0001413206,0.00009800091,0.000003509692],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007859684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001842444,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.960899,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9592735,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982437,0.0001189948,0.0003893141,0.0004769347,0.0003062413,0.0004647516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990664,0.00004695532,0.0001025113,0.0004926448,0.0001589722,0.0001324989],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009566576,0.00002974823,0.001235992,0.00001566872,0.0002154682,0.00002357358,0.0001056849,0.001248416,0.002005572,0.9491034,0.0359475,0.01005937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003874285,0.00001449076,0.002663792,0.00002747825,0.0000249479,0.00002792123,0.001295544,0.00005268525,0.01319193,0.003578448,0.9784477,0.0002876387],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5448577,0.02285682,0.0006003333,0.01196159,0.002237373,0.0001296731,0.0001129859,0.0003464899,0.4168971],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9754761,0.0002625051,0.0001254022,0.001908688,0.0008183958,0.00003949314,0.000047423,0.00002568873,0.02129626],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.945525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005343585011536802,"score_gpt":0.2205498765782786,"score_spread":0.2152062915667418,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}