{"id":"W4409439325","doi":"10.3390/ijgi14040170","title":"Text Geolocation Prediction via Self-Supervised Learning","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Geolocation; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Data science; Information retrieval; World Wide Web","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004623111,0.001319538,0.000671385,0.001900868,0.0004272698,0.0005797371,0.001791289,0.0009794547,0.001810287],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00278033,0.0002617402,0.0005269001,0.001873382,0.0005607479,0.002433571,0.001066505,0.00108075,0.002226447],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005092808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005182442,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003936504,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008563066,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994848,0.0001032077,0.00002909598,0.0002634527,0.00007389675,0.00004556161],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989043,0.0003803728,0.0001993037,0.0002203384,0.0002381061,0.00005741007],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006373561,0.0004215948,0.02351347,0.0004077564,0.0001868423,0.0005065603,0.0004663466,0.2718918,0.01160709,0.0058465,0.04900776,0.6355069],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002207378,0.00004553,0.002075793,0.00002274587,0.00002825731,0.00009076804,0.0001241543,0.9811569,0.003926734,0.008228721,0.004262554,0.00001573082],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1433849,0.001125656,0.832569,0.001032306,0.0004509555,0.0002015667,0.006105056,0.009043446,0.006087209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.814941,0.0004510962,0.159485,0.0003444484,0.0003533197,0.0002064068,0.01412684,0.0003421048,0.009749725],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003936504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007827163,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.002775509087899699,"score_gpt":0.2437083833860502,"score_spread":0.2409328742981505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}