{"id":"W4409480343","doi":"10.1037/xge0001775","title":"The statistical reader: The role of orthographic regularities in reading.","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Psychology General","topic":"Statistics Education and Methodologies","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Azrieli Foundation; Israel Science Foundation; European Commission","keywords":"Reading (process); Psychology; Orthographic projection; Statistical analysis; Linguistics; Cognitive psychology; Artificial intelligence; Statistics; Computer science; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001481835,0.00009430682,0.000242969,0.0001492069,0.000111543,0.00001888725,0.0003058783,0.00007126949,0.00004276205],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009673064,0.00005369774,0.00007981366,0.0001767743,0.0004740884,0.00002917185,0.00003617058,0.0002896556,6.987588e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007343235,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001112132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009832313,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984269,0.0005369534,0.0006232106,0.00009661231,0.0001491259,0.000167195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973451,0.002003287,0.0002988417,0.0002367861,0.00008742396,0.00002855482],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002806065,0.0002865326,0.005467134,0.000007918065,0.0001005645,0.000007177876,0.001712252,0.000001466906,0.03327161,0.9099105,0.0444325,0.004521757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001012682,0.0003017254,0.02545077,0.00005802071,0.00004691555,0.0001460679,0.0186402,0.00003220221,0.0377903,0.8978294,0.01858336,0.0001083962],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9556301,0.01206418,0.007763821,0.004462407,0.003775735,0.0002876536,0.00002348495,0.00001386834,0.01597871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9137232,0.0004182248,0.08404458,0.0005790323,0.0001381057,0.00001744922,0.000001813805,0.00001220998,0.001065363],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07628076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.218973,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08209492965398446,"score_gpt":0.4752636797363592,"score_spread":0.3931687500823748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}