{"id":"W4409481591","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c05274","title":"Mechanism and Kinetics for Copper Leaching by Complexing with Lysine Bearing Two Amino Groups","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Education Department of Hunan Province","keywords":"Kinetics; Copper; Chemistry; Leaching (pedology); Lysine; Mechanism (biology); Chelation; Bearing (navigation); Inorganic chemistry; Stereochemistry; Amino acid; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Biology; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002784259,0.0002974498,0.0002658972,0.0001496401,0.0001470462,0.0002241659,0.0003699039,0.0003070391,0.0008763532],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003414273,0.0001750512,0.0003271589,0.0001540378,0.000250498,0.0003188085,0.0001833839,0.000217665,0.0002730229],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004883303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000252466,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002370725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00138458,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997869,0.00002640872,0.00001825601,0.00004612642,0.00005744392,0.00006485213],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998926,0.00002841498,0.00004043982,0.000007503328,0.00002277835,0.000008300264],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001447817,0.00002079488,0.0007611927,0.0001842302,0.00001715484,0.00009511593,0.00005688348,0.000757137,0.9949129,0.0001911385,0.00008448691,0.002774163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009605444,0.0001677634,0.001331605,0.000005047859,0.00001238571,0.00009253695,0.00002838989,0.004240502,0.9932331,0.00006040877,0.0008076571,0.0000109403],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913177,0.001341047,0.005907624,0.00007110951,0.00001702732,0.00004147358,0.0001597736,0.00006575677,0.001078406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962248,0.0006068044,0.001866234,0.00001956634,0.000003371756,0.00002415577,0.00008242947,0.000006522117,0.001166126],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002370725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004713833,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01173512957687448,"score_gpt":0.255235812672408,"score_spread":0.2435006830955335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}