{"id":"W4409558027","doi":"10.1111/tgis.70048","title":"Rethinking <scp>GIScience</scp> Education in an Age of Disruptions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transactions in GIS","topic":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"University of California, Santa Barbara; Arizona State University","keywords":"Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008557869,0.0002420366,0.0002483828,0.001173805,0.006533741,0.01017878,0.001734125,0.003620355,0.006440253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01347795,0.0002576731,0.0002462488,0.001289712,0.02128983,0.01147747,0.01701391,0.006035116,0.001110307],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007433638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01446049,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007449299,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01231541,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954067,0.002650178,0.0001076076,0.000347404,0.0007648605,0.0007231933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.988596,0.005120611,0.0007512654,0.001004172,0.001184843,0.00334308],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004015925,0.0002257228,0.007397824,0.0003272808,0.00001311613,0.001116389,0.3231987,0.001761012,0.001343482,0.3789832,0.08136766,0.2042254],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001230954,0.00008667823,0.00464571,0.0005564805,0.00000526119,0.0003193012,0.1962996,0.00172332,0.000677384,0.1782648,0.6173772,0.00003180071],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2602225,0.00309553,0.0285783,0.5336822,0.002397846,0.00008338488,0.00005349876,0.000555135,0.1713318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9725635,0.001171252,0.00585975,0.01025887,0.0002703583,0.00004317984,0.00002924317,0.000102862,0.009701053],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01017878,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05393505,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02923030413016628,"score_gpt":0.3462096566657688,"score_spread":0.3169793525356025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}