{"id":"W4409569389","doi":"10.3390/insects16040427","title":"Farmers’ Perception of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) as an Invasive Pest and Its Management","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Insects","topic":"Insect Resistance and Genetics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Directorate for Biological Sciences; RUDN University; Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; Alberta Agricultural Research Institute; University of Karachi","keywords":"Fall armyworm; Biology; Crop; Infestation; Agriculture; Agronomy; Cash crop; Fodder; PEST analysis; Integrated pest management; Biotechnology; Toxicology; Spodoptera; Ecology; Horticulture","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006855214,0.0001751671,0.0001404522,0.0002778507,0.0008051746,0.0006743601,0.0001299411,0.0003718591,0.002090068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001608817,0.0001364109,0.0001329552,0.0002160334,0.0005613024,0.0005086261,0.0003985765,0.0003501077,0.0001958679],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003242562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003603964,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006899491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00700627,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995621,0.0001629275,0.00002592497,0.00004293596,0.00009677254,0.0001092732],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986993,0.0004019029,0.000537914,0.00002179175,0.0001341888,0.0002049643],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001833721,0.0002899555,0.9277389,0.0001566235,0.00002450669,0.002432093,0.0455668,0.0001910097,0.00606332,0.0001418439,0.0005104386,0.01670118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001136351,0.0008876392,0.8760094,0.00006782456,0.00002194512,0.00115605,0.1188962,0.0002845998,0.0004540182,0.0001517101,0.002033726,0.00002545664],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992369,0.00004989886,0.00003553441,0.000127277,0.00000276472,0.000003875851,0.00001306523,6.261179e-7,0.000530122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995611,0.0001047716,0.00004553855,0.0000623674,0.000003615324,0.000003201448,0.000008583254,2.080243e-7,0.0002107009],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006899491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01371866,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006759068604715285,"score_gpt":0.2508379035521735,"score_spread":0.2440788349474582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}