{"id":"W4409672942","doi":"10.1146/annurev-financial-120522-114723","title":"Fragility of Financial Markets","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Financial Economics","topic":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Fragility; Financial fragility; Financial system; Business; Financial market; Economics; Finance; Financial crisis; Chemistry; Keynesian economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001296855,0.0004995213,0.0006979752,0.002086222,0.0009428634,0.003400663,0.000868326,0.002110022,0.004261367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009899386,0.0003492583,0.0005925998,0.001075491,0.004069813,0.005722469,0.002042881,0.002085945,0.0004833431],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00125155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005379228,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009066426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003480377,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989108,0.0002892095,0.00005140166,0.0002211742,0.0003514542,0.0001759793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953213,0.002708177,0.000840907,0.00038589,0.0004139924,0.0003297345],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004603249,0.00002876873,0.004314478,0.0001968496,0.00007373031,0.0003808747,0.0003384134,0.02627461,0.001692443,0.9367052,0.003682555,0.02626596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005824711,0.00002230201,0.002377246,0.00006577952,0.00001143064,0.0002633629,0.0001090586,0.0305091,0.0002695063,0.960402,0.005939444,0.00002499716],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.4264155,0.05646192,0.3882958,0.01868316,0.0007109716,0.0002112914,0.00171985,0.0009814132,0.1065201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9823338,0.007235231,0.006624568,0.0004547147,0.0006471856,0.00006220888,0.000199477,0.0000347373,0.002408053],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004261367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0142557,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01147374979220487,"score_gpt":0.2303222756993154,"score_spread":0.2188485259071105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}