{"id":"W4409742657","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25736","title":"Selective extraction of Al 3+ from the leaching solution of cathode materials of spent ternary lithium‐ion batteries by using D2EHPA ‐ TBP ‐kerosene","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Leaching (pedology); Ternary operation; Kerosene; Cathode; Materials science; Extraction (chemistry); Ion; Lithium (medication); Inorganic chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Chemistry; Environmental science; Physical chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004631226,0.000202844,0.0004081033,0.0002066355,0.00008365452,0.00005393884,0.0002841314,0.0001414552,0.00001321123],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007177052,0.0001664189,0.0001030695,0.000304524,0.00008413605,0.0003198365,0.00001950164,0.0004623394,6.288184e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002914487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002255545,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002011742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001186072,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985411,0.00005778243,0.000776582,0.0001166552,0.0002435472,0.0002643424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984124,0.0007522794,0.0003329371,0.000170145,0.0002074831,0.0001247273],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005670998,0.00001084913,0.000142225,0.00009039244,0.0001452172,0.000001707673,0.001757602,0.1753992,0.8202084,0.00004557049,0.002071909,0.0001213201],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000211155,0.00002084988,0.0004705589,0.0003709144,0.0001020402,0.00003617027,0.0004339648,0.05492174,0.9416168,0.00007398583,0.00169702,0.00004474967],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857077,0.001254066,0.01204288,0.0001303504,0.0004500535,0.0001082512,0.00008728301,0.00002222637,0.0001971775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989941,0.00005133433,0.0006631248,0.00005202347,0.0001409513,0.000003003299,0.00001774644,0.00003029363,0.00004744687],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1214085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6786368,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01169332490291426,"score_gpt":0.2315970247477644,"score_spread":0.2199036998448501,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}