{"id":"W4409768228","doi":"10.1007/s00292-025-01429-7","title":"Foundation Modelle in der Pathologie","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Die Pathologie","topic":"AI in cancer detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Foundation (evidence); Philosophy; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007622449,0.0004455543,0.001122352,0.0005793397,0.0001011906,0.0001421662,0.001638575,0.0005677405,0.000009558994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004338311,0.0003875216,0.0003073448,0.000966842,0.00006899657,0.0003736654,0.0009880631,0.0006495389,0.0002495513],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006781045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006688267,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001310452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002528032,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970357,0.0004445153,0.0006801799,0.001096022,0.0002462393,0.0004973008],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977785,0.000467468,0.000310999,0.001326283,0.00007179912,0.00004489548],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[8.572846e-7,0.00002929384,0.000005539481,0.002135067,0.000007824818,0.0001787503,0.00003861737,0.0000673204,2.183464e-7,0.0007324328,0.0001880463,0.996616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001992209,0.00009075555,0.00003067072,0.005375977,0.0001056657,0.00004840446,0.000008235715,0.00217614,0.000006844333,0.01156591,0.9796765,0.0007156481],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[9.426693e-7,0.7121224,0.282319,0.00006210897,0.001414165,0.0005308974,0.000006845379,0.000345512,0.003198151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001666337,0.9819038,0.01686424,0.0001064591,0.00008336153,0.0005475983,0.0000344321,0.00002255057,0.0004208908],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9959004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998577,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1188398619270308,"score_gpt":0.3872419784034829,"score_spread":0.2684021164764521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}