{"id":"W4409770879","doi":"10.1016/j.intman.2025.101254","title":"Multinational enterprises and sustainable business in emerging markets","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of International Management","topic":"Global trade, sustainability, and social impact","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Multinational corporation; Business; Emerging markets; Industrial organization; Commerce; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008892521,0.0001244895,0.0001751336,0.001008405,0.00009683157,0.0003116412,0.0003062684,0.00003473937,0.0000630926],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004196061,0.0001168539,0.00007071527,0.000567182,0.00004502225,0.001201292,0.0003256068,0.0001184795,0.000002503344],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002803025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003327648,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002236391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002037291,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987763,0.00001647689,0.0004607387,0.0001411881,0.0003679708,0.0002373002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987929,0.00004475262,0.0002705613,0.00007024527,0.0008091305,0.00001236361],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005477835,0.000779021,0.579343,0.001149373,0.0004245215,0.0005302608,0.0003433486,0.001236606,0.00001199691,0.3861748,0.01080989,0.01864946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001455958,0.00000576353,0.8719764,0.000224205,0.0000551399,0.000003467051,0.01048973,0.0006718741,0.000002018661,0.02602332,0.08896986,0.0001222998],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8119712,0.0003968817,0.00237761,0.01365844,0.001576056,0.0003644678,0.000001877166,0.00002438048,0.169629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959382,0.0001551802,0.0002837678,0.001120177,0.0003187442,0.000004826391,0.000004187295,0.000006961404,0.002167983],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3601515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4765163,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006746843715685028,"score_gpt":0.2633827018341705,"score_spread":0.2566358581184854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}