{"id":"W4409771958","doi":"10.1016/j.lingua.2025.103947","title":"‘What the X’ in Anglophone government meetings: Areal distribution, emotionality, and euphemism","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lingua","topic":"Swearing, Euphemism, Multilingualism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Euphemism; Emotionality; Government (linguistics); Distribution (mathematics); Communication source; Sociology; Psychology; Geography; Social psychology; Linguistics; Telecommunications; Computer science; Mathematics; Philosophy; Archaeology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001378456,0.000111934,0.0001370114,0.00001654244,0.0004416376,0.0002181634,0.0002628209,0.0001144006,0.00004618903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001653922,0.00009732864,0.00004392137,0.0004174262,0.0002993531,0.0001358514,0.0001630483,0.000199311,0.000007951488],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003145448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001493395,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002765797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003497803,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985195,0.0001371389,0.0002509204,0.0002863967,0.0005036817,0.0003023587],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991919,0.0003810595,0.00009020772,0.0001979952,0.00007518878,0.00006363034],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001531774,0.000730227,0.4011048,0.0002132745,0.0001979563,0.00008582346,0.2953844,0.0001512244,0.0032745,0.1959613,0.01485179,0.08789147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002388633,0.00003038983,0.3970791,0.001076571,0.0000802561,0.000006097623,0.1680931,0.0005631747,0.009565598,0.05017882,0.3701373,0.0008008949],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9767586,0.001227569,0.00005377103,0.00801141,0.0009006586,0.0002549331,0.00001348013,0.00009332276,0.01268624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957794,0.0004910668,0.00008987226,0.0006816922,0.0002909853,0.00001567376,0.000007652826,0.000008021349,0.002635662],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3552856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4181076,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01203560598076903,"score_gpt":0.3231594868120671,"score_spread":0.311123880831298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}