{"id":"W4409776768","doi":"10.1136/bmj-2024-082068","title":"Investigating the impact of trial retractions on the healthcare evidence ecosystem (VITALITY Study I): retrospective cohort study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMJ","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Confidence interval; Medicine; Retrospective cohort study; Odds ratio; Clinical trial; MEDLINE; Citation; Evidence-based medicine; Meta-analysis; Scopus; Cohort study; Statistical significance; Publication bias; Clinical study design; Alternative medicine; Internal medicine; Computer science; Pathology; Library science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01939792,0.0001127801,0.000277896,0.0000458988,0.0014651,0.00007468616,0.0005243823,0.0002167174,0.00004871023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01665012,0.00006042716,0.0001344997,0.0007324714,0.0001902132,0.00015105,0.00006501169,0.001575063,0.000008932757],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006059455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000854735,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07799578,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02162323,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9936475,0.004544751,0.0005018574,0.0002684662,0.0008117224,0.0002257498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9955013,0.003329226,0.0003586437,0.000449494,0.0003074753,0.00005379674],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002980634,0.0002419029,0.9400129,0.000005065235,0.0001586066,8.8987e-7,0.03865298,0.00001463268,0.000003141525,0.00986241,0.01064117,0.0001081997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007654999,0.0006632808,0.8689872,0.0001375837,0.00005188034,2.512534e-7,0.1262361,0.00004566171,0.000005730918,0.002972969,0.0000688884,0.00006497819],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9605263,0.00003491017,0.00000743954,0.02134919,0.0006683021,0.006417416,0.00002355764,0.00003546019,0.01093739],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987489,0.000009888663,0.000003753573,0.0001778686,0.0004483862,0.0002251381,5.604363e-7,0.000003919024,0.0003815968],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08758307,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998348,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1099153702543,"score_gpt":0.4600033349144254,"score_spread":0.3500879646601254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}