{"id":"W4409786254","doi":"10.1515/freq-2024-0358","title":"Advances in antenna design through characteristic modes: a review of simulation techniques and development","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Frequenz","topic":"Antenna Design and Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada; Concordia University","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board","keywords":"Electronic engineering; Antenna (radio); Computer science; Engineering; Telecommunications","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001193894,0.0009460926,0.001134282,0.002088702,0.0002338603,0.001473259,0.00101658,0.001115566,0.00344506],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002247542,0.0006756207,0.0009279869,0.002234202,0.0005270746,0.001452891,0.0006404897,0.001082559,0.002688806],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004492947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007531848,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009544821,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008416349,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994295,0.000150146,0.0000588794,0.00008346126,0.0002513641,0.0000266044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989003,0.0006708191,0.00006537055,0.0000768422,0.0002654606,0.00002120284],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006278432,0.00007262904,0.0005954408,0.01119747,0.0001120081,0.0001584763,0.0002226791,0.03752268,0.00930698,0.05368164,0.01085822,0.876209],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002510165,0.0002594062,0.0009003552,0.004743089,0.0001865966,0.001145172,0.000228676,0.05042829,0.01028967,0.03480433,0.8968456,0.0001437288],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.004320797,0.7316488,0.2345819,0.001158423,0.0006595805,0.00006450572,0.0002107993,0.0004293591,0.0269259],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0344464,0.8778202,0.08047386,0.0003886077,0.0004298517,0.0001080276,0.00034611,0.0001793727,0.005807572],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00344506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01152486,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05046027677953702,"score_gpt":0.3311916645280376,"score_spread":0.2807313877485005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}