{"id":"W4409858566","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v15n6p100","title":"Lexical Bundles in English Language Textbooks: A Systematic Review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"World Journal of English Language","topic":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Linguistics; English language; Natural language processing; Artificial intelligence; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002923447,0.0007412324,0.005297226,0.002006901,0.0000673371,0.0001305396,0.001187337,0.0004034033,0.01966795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008599369,0.0005639866,0.001644435,0.001501195,0.00007625976,0.000191237,0.0001369224,0.002615203,0.0001665016],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000278542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000322155,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003069334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005557905,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9928238,0.002328587,0.003125657,0.0005256645,0.000548307,0.0006480128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9941723,0.00190113,0.002218866,0.001023986,0.000432611,0.0002511304],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002549502,0.0002564627,0.00000162477,0.8391684,0.0007590838,0.004838745,0.04235817,4.385723e-7,1.570536e-7,0.0008603259,0.01541636,0.09631468],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005145349,0.00005915807,7.360577e-7,0.5750144,0.001950877,0.0001722438,0.01864679,1.01225e-7,1.842907e-7,0.000002433437,0.4032438,0.0003947238],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001497942,0.9377367,0.000007104697,0.00001427013,0.002366603,0.001283902,0.00004588548,0.0001076585,0.0584229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00006903306,0.9732584,0.0001014607,0.002540009,0.002662749,0.0001461438,0.0000862738,0.0001064248,0.02102949],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3878275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997516,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01900012701466239,"score_gpt":0.3517059910540102,"score_spread":0.3327058640393478,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}