{"id":"W4409912451","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105235","title":"Alternative housing systems have mixed impacts on health and welfare of laying hens","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Poultry Science","topic":"Animal Nutrition and Physiology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institut de Recherche et de Développement en Agroenvironnement; University of Guelph; Université de Montréal; Canadian Animal Health Institute; Cegep de Saint Hyacinthe","funders":"Egg Farmers of Canada","keywords":"Laying; Welfare; Business; Animal welfare; Environmental science; Biology; Economics; Engineering; Ecology; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006338861,0.0003836874,0.0002253104,0.0005639303,0.0005983331,0.0008045385,0.0003462937,0.0002830928,0.00110103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008062277,0.0001637158,0.0004348429,0.0003481751,0.0005583171,0.0002799381,0.0004615907,0.0002281697,0.00009367307],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001949261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009774729,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1253696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4736873,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993114,0.0001300254,0.00003485247,0.0001140203,0.0002382525,0.0001713463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988527,0.0001904113,0.0003746413,0.00007033451,0.0002395003,0.0002724433],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002835397,0.0005266583,0.8917364,0.0003524259,0.0006000758,0.0006376128,0.0007321534,0.001259874,0.0576891,0.0002012687,0.000473355,0.04295574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004832915,0.0006250065,0.997809,0.00001145675,0.00003369749,0.00006263959,0.0002367229,0.0001554091,0.0007373389,0.00001697885,0.0003007526,0.000006174145],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986247,0.0003792022,0.0001361901,0.00002911656,0.000005052813,0.0000140106,0.0001576902,0.00000492557,0.0006491496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981249,0.0003608844,0.0006218945,0.0000343947,0.000004961197,0.00001176733,0.0002266557,0.000002763767,0.0006117031],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1253696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2492798,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03160913771366869,"score_gpt":0.2894428870976761,"score_spread":0.2578337493840074,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}