{"id":"W4409922117","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12050469","title":"Bacteriophages as Targeted Therapeutic Vehicles: Challenges and Opportunities","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Bioengineering","topic":"Bacteriophages and microbial interactions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Bacteriophage; CRISPR; Phage therapy; Nanocarriers; Biosafety; Computational biology; Biology; Biotechnology; Drug; Gene; Pharmacology; Genetics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001647541,0.0005907551,0.0008482593,0.0005468839,0.0004374935,0.001942711,0.000501228,0.001230679,0.0009063662],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006283635,0.0003628432,0.0003086822,0.0004611522,0.001194814,0.001957138,0.0009559482,0.00162079,0.0006508683],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007180503,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001250089,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004936798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008185955,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99933,0.000266172,0.0000289357,0.00008207205,0.0002208597,0.00007189245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996901,0.00015242,0.00003751587,0.00001474963,0.0000620744,0.00004315041],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002566685,0.0002323442,0.001274986,0.008809813,0.00008631238,0.001068179,0.001115691,0.0035607,0.2446029,0.1456174,0.01700984,0.5763651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000273515,0.0006219716,0.0005815917,0.001206901,0.00006433137,0.001463766,0.0004289147,0.002532028,0.0540056,0.0320427,0.9069628,0.00006216069],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.009904143,0.9649022,0.01582741,0.003541514,0.0005951308,0.00002915054,0.00003452158,0.00007797876,0.005087963],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06725016,0.9113068,0.01410543,0.00145384,0.0006738758,0.0001216462,0.00006452962,0.00004606664,0.004977677],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001942711,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008713186,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05681764094041153,"score_gpt":0.2839836689972415,"score_spread":0.2271660280568299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}