{"id":"W4409951521","doi":"10.1353/hms.2025.a958194","title":"Hume on Chance, Probability, and Necessity","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Hume studies","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy; Epistemology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001410025,0.00009262507,0.0001575305,0.00006504841,0.001002787,0.00005250693,0.0001008938,0.00001340251,0.00007973378],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004588809,0.00007190558,0.00002756454,0.00003161381,0.001265682,0.0001364866,0.00009743059,0.00007288863,0.00003251624],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002861112,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001339035,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002171402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005735999,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994405,0.00001733702,0.0001001302,0.0002161877,0.00009806868,0.0001277751],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997077,0.00005174252,0.00003057603,0.0001220546,0.00006781337,0.00002009958],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001191679,0.00004640227,0.0002831802,0.00008613004,0.00002857052,0.000001118175,0.013135,3.955736e-7,0.00001248058,0.9727951,0.01182028,0.001779439],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001761037,0.0001358478,0.003082782,0.0001161582,0.00001990052,2.255712e-7,0.001925656,0.000003892327,0.00004325475,0.4215937,0.5727605,0.0001419301],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1932857,0.005054986,0.000001577256,0.005454988,0.0009874556,0.0001686567,0.000009619149,0.00009416253,0.7949428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9770649,0.000164583,0.0000206473,0.001001058,0.0001964699,0.00002080699,4.013026e-7,0.000002356008,0.02152874],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7837792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7712725,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1474791514678745,"score_gpt":0.3103420843358777,"score_spread":0.1628629328680032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}