{"id":"W4409966588","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2495546","title":"Liquid chromatography-based metallomics and transmission electron microscopy reveal gold nanoparticle surface treatment with vicinal dithiols to abolish protein corona formation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanomedicine","topic":"Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Colloidal gold; Chemistry; Transmission electron microscopy; Nanoparticle; Dithiothreitol; Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Biophysics; Biochemistry; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004566409,0.000309262,0.0004539935,0.0001839843,0.00016429,0.00006977455,0.0001697137,0.00008471261,0.00004490644],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001792625,0.0002248031,0.00004936465,0.0006753897,0.0001530701,0.0002809972,0.00002605483,0.00009040849,0.00002338698],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002441667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002650011,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001726557,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000052091,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980085,0.0001242556,0.0004714591,0.0004918195,0.0003560742,0.0005478569],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990678,0.00007488635,0.0001277732,0.0003429784,0.0001305703,0.0002559749],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002763575,0.0002487106,0.0004046113,0.0001107507,0.00001853024,0.00001260301,0.0002836196,0.0002061449,0.9947313,0.00005248181,0.0002578686,0.0009098226],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003887977,0.005358957,0.0009303935,0.000463446,0.0001226861,0.000007730197,0.00005653291,0.0006065223,0.9852669,0.00002005423,0.003045775,0.000233017],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921084,0.0008282811,0.002888523,0.002305673,0.0001001153,0.001524817,0.00002848732,0.0001463442,0.00006938124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929174,0.0000243886,0.005903596,0.0006715355,0.00003988418,0.0001200265,0.00002390208,0.00002503627,0.0002742013],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009464372,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9167204,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006402532303141699,"score_gpt":0.2497301465482035,"score_spread":0.2433276142450618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}