{"id":"W4409992681","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5214326","title":"Employment Without Empowerment: Low-Wage Manufacturing and Intimate Partner Violence in Nicaragua, 1998-2012","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Intimate Partner and Family Violence","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Empowerment; Domestic violence; Wage; Low wage; Labour economics; Business; Demographic economics; Psychology; Economics; Human factors and ergonomics; Poison control; Economic growth; Medicine; Environmental health","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003826948,0.0004477734,0.0003595849,0.001149736,0.001309147,0.001061829,0.001312106,0.0008156333,0.001989152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001351742,0.000460278,0.0005495957,0.002824355,0.0007179713,0.0009545435,0.002488295,0.001080916,0.0002657748],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004250276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003100578,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5707804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7319207,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999553,0.00006847228,0.00004985437,0.00005197792,0.00003395246,0.0002427449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994708,0.00006617371,0.0002145341,0.00002006593,0.0000947646,0.0001336787],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009131466,0.00006802367,0.9898238,0.0001032198,0.00006958145,0.0006471669,0.005081864,0.00009947576,0.0001522625,0.0001682472,0.0006339113,0.003061162],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002660987,0.00002448275,0.9787072,0.00009185819,0.00003879052,0.0001437377,0.01984217,0.00009890441,0.00004771607,0.00003373031,0.0009614128,0.000007467224],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965055,0.0009314606,0.00002775372,0.0004577203,0.00001990712,0.00001349242,0.001199828,0.000002752381,0.0008414749],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967203,0.001156631,0.00004808831,0.00008005457,0.00001100188,0.00003808927,0.001035654,0.000003051121,0.0009072103],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5707804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8634948,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008672304515012486,"score_gpt":0.3039692281621846,"score_spread":0.2952969236471721,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}