{"id":"W4409998173","doi":"10.1111/caje.70003","title":"Import competition and firm‐level CO 2 emissions: Evidence from the German manufacturing industry","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d économique","topic":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"German; Competition (biology); Industrial organization; Business; Manufacturing; Marketing; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005832406,0.0002975338,0.0003160209,0.001900742,0.0002363011,0.001104025,0.0002622693,0.0003776935,0.002908777],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00186112,0.0001685624,0.0004463979,0.003577128,0.0004629697,0.0004155447,0.000529688,0.0003884677,0.0004480934],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001101395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005454245,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.142231,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1696411,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995788,0.00008172573,0.00003197961,0.00007911594,0.0001136592,0.0001147383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996042,0.001503205,0.001592553,0.000206927,0.0003842166,0.0002710855],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002000158,0.00010463,0.9835649,0.0001656272,0.0005309439,0.0003681562,0.0002696462,0.003311119,0.0006014647,0.001324294,0.002324842,0.007234284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001038159,0.00003429284,0.9960271,0.00002417849,0.00009644723,0.00003305388,0.0005249807,0.001104169,0.0003182627,0.0001174327,0.001697687,0.00001206983],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912486,0.001791973,0.0001655485,0.0003421732,0.000007455891,0.000007619916,0.003214417,0.000009972509,0.003212173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967797,0.0006608885,0.00003647172,0.00004147922,0.000008696689,0.000002027818,0.00207633,0.000001833035,0.0003925562],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.142231,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2828063,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.321825464373195,"score_gpt":0.2452283344628184,"score_spread":0.07659712991037665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}