{"id":"W4410019431","doi":"10.1038/s41586-025-08940-0","title":"Global evolution of inflammatory bowel disease across epidemiologic stages","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":308,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; McGill University; University of Calgary; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences; SickKids Foundation; University of Toronto","funders":"Cilag; Janssen Pharmaceuticals; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Genentech; Bausch Health; Karolinska Institutet; Astellas Pharma; Celltrion; Eisai; Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation; Kissei; Mylan; Douglas Pharmaceuticals; Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust; EA Pharma Co., Ltd.; National Cancer Institute; Gilead Sciences; Impact Fund; Sanofi; Celgene; Pfizer; Biogen; Hong Kong Government; GlaxoSmithKline; Eli Lilly and Company; Bristol-Myers Squibb; AstraZeneca; Tillotts Pharma; Amgen; Hospital for Sick Children","keywords":"Incidence (geometry); Demography; Population; Inflammatory bowel disease; Disease; Latin Americans; Developed country; Medicine; Geography; Environmental health; Pathology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002845147,0.0001583572,0.0001276722,0.00002495239,0.00007720158,0.000009238284,0.0002685228,0.0009116446,0.00001083901],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008224122,0.0001461607,0.0001538399,0.0001083645,0.0001478544,0.000005324504,0.0001847681,0.0003261153,0.000005626927],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007585572,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002901236,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004343762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003707026,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998926,0.0001192126,0.000240178,0.0003275504,0.0001252646,0.0002617458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991361,0.00001427341,0.000108325,0.0004723391,0.0001587939,0.000110203],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005915899,0.00005548228,0.968354,0.0001905134,0.0000652685,0.00003827467,0.000006931368,0.000498638,0.006806637,0.008390449,0.01467688,0.0003253557],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004177629,0.00001793314,0.989107,0.000034769,0.00002537578,7.424965e-7,0.00003805734,0.00005753583,0.001096728,0.00222103,0.00684914,0.0001338873],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912521,0.00614491,0.0004476845,0.0002243865,0.0003466356,0.0002016481,0.0003470216,0.00002840958,0.001007191],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982995,0.00005956358,0.0001148071,0.0006950595,0.0001197457,0.00001920599,0.0001081377,0.000007506065,0.0005764905],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02075305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7031438,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004035363156960527,"score_gpt":0.2838837917685749,"score_spread":0.2798484286116144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}