{"id":"W4410057994","doi":"10.22399/ijcesen.1396","title":"Understanding the Dynamics of IPO Underpricing and Its Effect on Bond Issuance Strategies","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Optometric Education Trust Fund","funders":"","keywords":"Initial public offering; Business; Bond; Dynamics (music); Financial system; Monetary economics; Finance; Economics; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002522465,0.00006360838,0.00008130607,0.000151977,0.00009524428,0.0001400343,0.0001200236,0.00001107351,0.000001299598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003374594,0.0000456579,0.00001474445,0.000181128,0.00007646098,0.0007417818,0.00006037332,0.00005848286,2.124724e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006673941,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003154533,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001348229,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001709003,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994213,0.000001619622,0.0001402007,0.00007729923,0.0002936903,0.00006588083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999653,0.00007764494,0.0001211888,0.00001849973,0.0001220607,0.000007555785],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001260112,0.00003329269,0.005942858,0.0000674278,0.00004864004,0.000009008349,0.0002124982,0.1340962,0.009853755,0.8476898,0.00008280688,0.001837673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001503689,0.0001667793,0.1392106,0.000832104,0.00002691096,0.00006046015,0.002207406,0.8212655,0.003852871,0.03028358,0.0003596126,0.0002304705],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9848586,0.0003958545,0.01268423,0.001157068,0.0003004113,0.00003785581,0.000001071425,0.000003875621,0.0005610678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996393,0.00001947826,0.00007757698,0.0001798576,0.00007395047,6.965918e-7,4.529452e-7,0.0000021348,0.000006501778],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8174062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1861875,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01578819021245954,"score_gpt":0.2526602974847692,"score_spread":0.2368721072723097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}