{"id":"W4410067469","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108107","title":"Influence of pore heterogeneity of shale with different lithofacies on CO2 storage: Experiments and molecular dynamics simulation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Engineering Geology","topic":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum, Beijing; China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Oil shale; Geology; Molecular dynamics; Dynamics (music); Geotechnical engineering; Soil science; Petroleum engineering; Mineralogy; Petrology; Chemistry; Paleontology; Computational chemistry; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002858371,0.0001067445,0.0002030233,0.0001605959,0.00001061731,0.000003312187,0.00005835257,0.00006048512,0.000002324414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001939244,0.00009403621,0.00002580794,0.0001453442,0.00003438766,0.00003309995,0.00002270398,0.00007066357,1.935184e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003342308,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006367021,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007797967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000726057,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995543,0.00001145025,0.0001622193,0.00009999175,0.00007657253,0.00009546846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997334,0.0000335329,0.00002558413,0.0001485226,0.00003284504,0.00002605707],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009231399,0.00001471911,0.006435652,0.0001001231,0.00009678472,0.000002745906,0.0001433042,0.9812141,0.01148646,0.0004578569,4.431183e-7,0.00003858937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001946526,0.00005139424,0.0145051,0.00003708678,0.00001813943,6.326368e-7,0.00002265316,0.9359908,0.04908063,0.00001277325,0.00001262166,0.00007351705],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9325192,0.0001867052,0.06708739,0.00001687058,0.0000260232,0.00006195044,0.000003282392,0.00004821736,0.00005038494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997733,0.00001509037,0.0001562196,0.000007726549,0.000002416425,0.000008673129,0.00001058371,0.000009255213,0.00001678416],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06725407,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3834685,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004900751292453391,"score_gpt":0.2240796609714971,"score_spread":0.2191789096790437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}