{"id":"W4410080987","doi":"10.1016/j.eneco.2025.108503","title":"The path to sustainable Bitcoin mining: Challenges and barriers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Economics","topic":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Path (computing); Business; Sustainable development; Economics; Environmental economics; Natural resource economics; Industrial organization; Computer science; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007650075,0.0003707135,0.0007590967,0.000920261,0.002422357,0.00781833,0.001644963,0.006210729,0.0236707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01629665,0.0002878801,0.0004020701,0.001741905,0.00519009,0.01714375,0.005168491,0.006682753,0.003773748],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00313285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01047928,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003257222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004226162,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970439,0.0009419959,0.00008795231,0.0003216036,0.001109752,0.0004947263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9835963,0.009867153,0.0007430623,0.001031209,0.003079192,0.00168304],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009103041,0.00009989786,0.0005825666,0.0003167347,0.00001560411,0.0001045269,0.0002276189,0.00261547,0.000522734,0.9171019,0.02608053,0.05224134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001672753,0.00004052823,0.0002787007,0.0004189234,0.000004227333,0.00007258607,0.0008597909,0.004755903,0.0006247788,0.9236434,0.06926676,0.0000176917],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06132403,0.02412725,0.05430517,0.7249718,0.00203577,0.0001262564,0.0004425032,0.0002891735,0.132378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8857991,0.03259463,0.02319674,0.02093581,0.001286924,0.0002743466,0.0002928336,0.0002202363,0.03539943],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0236707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07918638,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005696233140292707,"score_gpt":0.1978607037046652,"score_spread":0.1921644705643725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}