{"id":"W4410104973","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102447","title":"Exploring the effect of lignin as a filler on the mechanical properties and anisotropic nature of Glass/Polypropylene LFTs manufactured via direct compounded compression moulding (LFT-D)","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Composites Communications","topic":"Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Research Foundation; University of Windsor","keywords":"Filler (materials); Polypropylene; Materials science; Composite material; Lignin; Anisotropy; Compression (physics); Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004164807,0.0002689465,0.000455776,0.0001284807,0.0007825976,0.0001026279,0.001865356,0.0001164207,0.00001166118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001615573,0.0001402096,0.0001231714,0.000311522,0.0004958009,0.0001922906,0.001384993,0.0006271173,0.000009855328],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002643309,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001170072,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001118526,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978667,0.000841735,0.0004724539,0.0002704632,0.0003184298,0.0002301812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.994619,0.003070667,0.0002575848,0.00188439,0.0001221022,0.00004632497],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002314326,0.00003544689,0.0001099574,0.00008844057,0.00006410415,3.371339e-7,0.0003059737,0.0001978817,0.9893472,0.008916081,0.0001391605,0.0005639613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003941648,0.0003237778,0.0008825164,0.0006463695,0.00008835032,0.000005708916,0.00006921487,0.004568613,0.9920481,0.0005111925,0.0003247904,0.0001371497],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915875,0.002972719,0.00007848674,0.002749749,0.0001956343,0.0008964798,0.00001262809,0.00008913605,0.00141767],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981954,0.0001662305,0.001182846,0.0001659019,0.00001492467,0.0001585156,0.00001577246,0.00001755237,0.00008291081],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008404888,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6019187,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04046929741841084,"score_gpt":0.2714605664286597,"score_spread":0.2309912690102489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}