{"id":"W4410108854","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2024.2233","title":"The retinal age gap: an affordable and highly accessible biomarker for population-wide disease screening across the globe","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","topic":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","field":"Medicine","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute; Alberta Children's Hospital; University of Calgary","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Biomarker; Disease; Medicine; Biobank; Fundus (uterus); Population; Macular degeneration; Pathology; Bioinformatics; Environmental health; Ophthalmology; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001034648,0.0004201072,0.0003894109,0.001380423,0.0003307535,0.00114283,0.0004481048,0.0009615422,0.003072297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002518622,0.0001721252,0.0003503275,0.0012757,0.0002089132,0.0009022119,0.001298707,0.0006991393,0.0009001674],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006271594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005476191,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006104415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01250402,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994909,0.0001271666,0.00004189579,0.0001494923,0.0001342884,0.0000562648],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987363,0.000220104,0.0004564554,0.0001118984,0.0003568635,0.00011841],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00110573,0.0002993231,0.6742682,0.0007546172,0.0003751839,0.000544392,0.0003931842,0.001968531,0.01544211,0.002240467,0.03369144,0.2689168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001084889,0.0007186223,0.9109641,0.0005489099,0.0003810975,0.003060516,0.0008823561,0.01508704,0.01248618,0.005311445,0.05034015,0.000111159],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8831201,0.01523668,0.03491062,0.006345872,0.0004018079,0.000330649,0.04062504,0.001081961,0.01794724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9498769,0.003950766,0.02960888,0.001439572,0.0002511009,0.0002668498,0.01079918,0.00006272473,0.00374394],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006104415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01213777,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0427914272200003,"score_gpt":0.3496860983681959,"score_spread":0.3068946711481956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}