{"id":"W4410115850","doi":"10.1075/itl.24014.iwa","title":"How much receptive affix knowledge do L1 speakers and L2 learners have?","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ITL Review of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Affix; Psychology; Linguistics; Communication; Computer science; Natural language processing","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001713614,0.0002128768,0.0004253819,0.001117894,0.0004369627,0.00219358,0.0003636858,0.0007057919,0.002945652],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008904105,0.0001469478,0.0003021185,0.000522075,0.001331046,0.001854116,0.0009164944,0.0006307452,0.0005952292],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003349705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003705235,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004263564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003495799,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992411,0.0002012421,0.00006332123,0.0001630481,0.0002339989,0.00009723761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9940128,0.003454724,0.001025175,0.0002279659,0.0006230474,0.0006563027],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004308023,0.0002187445,0.8891966,0.0001937969,0.0001425185,0.0005563762,0.03321774,0.0001585067,0.004651376,0.0007693985,0.0005465367,0.06991768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001810555,0.0004151545,0.9668068,0.0001617628,0.00006028562,0.001085297,0.02514576,0.0005153934,0.002201702,0.001679835,0.001864204,0.00004581345],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970224,0.0007037727,0.000132768,0.0001242299,0.000008137711,0.000003230416,0.00004210958,0.000005080831,0.001958416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988631,0.0003620025,0.00008642228,0.00004795394,0.000006374243,0.000005677999,0.00004529394,0.000004049138,0.0005790949],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004263564,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009854198,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0153797431994099,"score_gpt":0.3404823921041461,"score_spread":0.3251026489047362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}