{"id":"W4410140101","doi":"10.1007/s40505-025-00293-1","title":"The reference interval in higher-order stochastic dominance","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Economic Theory Bulletin","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Stochastic dominance; Public finance; Dominance (genetics); Interval (graph theory); Order (exchange); Economics; Mathematical economics; Econometrics; Mathematics; Biology; Combinatorics; Macroeconomics; Genetics; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002030301,0.0002548344,0.0005239157,0.0001763885,0.000225878,0.0001504048,0.000755258,0.0001429171,0.00380725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001524909,0.0002515984,0.0001193342,0.0001004178,0.0002857632,0.00009710012,0.0002351337,0.0003284136,0.003961785],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000392464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005796582,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002117954,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001510937,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977431,0.00006888211,0.001024638,0.0006323211,0.00001246965,0.0005185604],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982303,0.0006447818,0.0003379053,0.000713492,0.0000152564,0.00005819944],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000180241,0.00002719071,0.0003433405,0.000008834088,0.00004233589,0.000001281886,0.000146149,0.002283459,0.000001398007,0.9912913,0.003247715,0.002426783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007605798,0.00002342998,0.001647672,0.00003326087,0.000003324312,0.000001403884,0.0001633259,0.0006944925,0.000009354844,0.5703706,0.4260509,0.0002416679],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2332107,0.01094302,0.01644696,0.02510589,0.007165621,0.0009656455,0.0002565592,0.0001479626,0.7057576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.938822,0.000248461,0.0001628242,0.0007684812,0.0001217976,0.0001187457,0.000006320264,0.00002939059,0.05972202],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7056112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999936,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02199751530324371,"score_gpt":0.2212834842425303,"score_spread":0.1992859689392866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}