{"id":"W4410140378","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adu1251","title":"Hydrodynamically generated multilayer skin spheroids enable in vitro screening of biologically active ingredients and toxicity tests","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Advances","topic":"3D Printing in Biomedical Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"BASF Corporation","keywords":"Spheroid; Dermis; Dermal fibroblast; Epidermis (zoology); Human skin; In vitro; Skin equivalent; Toxicity; In vitro toxicology; Fibroblast; Chemistry; Biology; Keratinocyte; Anatomy; Biochemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003417732,0.0004305364,0.0003820305,0.000244959,0.0001706964,0.0003012372,0.0001426941,0.0004024517,0.0008046147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002169952,0.0001600495,0.0003050888,0.0001858855,0.0002050784,0.0002541826,0.0002179111,0.0005375935,0.0003920821],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002495857,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001790881,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005059822,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001197621,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998139,0.00003417811,0.00002641674,0.00004669972,0.00005753132,0.00002127184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997774,0.00006568453,0.00004388194,0.00003821627,0.00004249089,0.00003230435],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001417021,0.00001451243,0.00005268644,0.00002543423,0.000002151833,0.00002232089,0.000008660415,0.0001444933,0.9989105,0.00004404724,0.0000365667,0.0007244734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000047911,0.0001395512,0.0006429168,0.000004065774,0.000009216584,0.00006705025,0.000009954399,0.00149458,0.9962612,0.00003299431,0.001328974,0.000004718895],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8540734,0.00456205,0.1305001,0.0002979983,0.0002999053,0.0006536443,0.002913372,0.001039206,0.005660371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9225713,0.002106173,0.07038302,0.0001205033,0.00003113269,0.0002781395,0.001319931,0.00008133714,0.003108499],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008046147,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002691686,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0108379631248125,"score_gpt":0.2961044692864948,"score_spread":0.2852665061616823,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}