{"id":"W4410141943","doi":"10.2196/57455","title":"Infodemic Versus Viral Information Spread: Key Differences and Open Challenges","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JMIR Infodemiology","topic":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misinformation; Public health; Context (archaeology); Preparedness; Pandemic; Public relations; Political science; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Medicine; Disease; Geography; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02081869,0.0006158001,0.001340813,0.00466207,0.002635552,0.01467708,0.002467451,0.004405343,0.006410949],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06047079,0.0003457931,0.0005570599,0.005678345,0.02334794,0.02744889,0.007443879,0.005515351,0.0006750221],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004248559,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004043291,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003509377,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003540311,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9885024,0.00653039,0.0006691951,0.001519434,0.001901029,0.0008776218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.902169,0.0832831,0.004687376,0.002887079,0.004473726,0.002499846],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003137082,0.0001143947,0.02114143,0.001703241,0.00009371881,0.0003147681,0.01842122,0.001043473,0.0003942971,0.8249129,0.007313722,0.124233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002407339,0.00008804101,0.02192626,0.00324328,0.00005510779,0.0005599865,0.06892917,0.002896486,0.0004256948,0.8542316,0.04752559,0.00009475321],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1885528,0.1760745,0.05468911,0.4272642,0.005755137,0.0002517892,0.001209567,0.0001334745,0.1460694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9329886,0.03792013,0.008935365,0.01219581,0.004897586,0.0002012058,0.0003134219,0.0001014401,0.002446366],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02081869,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1101011,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08610086543029116,"score_gpt":0.4070792422901107,"score_spread":0.3209783768598195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}