{"id":"W4410233101","doi":"10.1287/mksc.2024.0879","title":"Advertising Platforms and Privacy","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Marketing Science","topic":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Consumer privacy; Online advertising; Advertising; Internet privacy; Business; Computer science; Information privacy; Display advertising; Marketing; Computer security; World Wide Web; The Internet","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006213931,0.00006204147,0.00007140966,0.0001635225,0.002084141,0.0003353451,0.000625079,0.00004153512,0.00002646785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009935396,0.00005825076,0.00001516722,0.001011944,0.0009483456,0.0008751462,0.0005410819,0.0001083068,0.000005880006],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001123486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003159858,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007438288,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001706656,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988014,0.00006521351,0.0001225679,0.0003078594,0.000358279,0.000344709],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993483,0.0002172325,0.00004595574,0.0002296401,0.00007209818,0.00008676013],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001141767,0.00007038326,0.1222351,0.000124453,0.000009427583,0.000006100421,0.01493576,0.000002772744,0.00921476,0.09893119,0.003748597,0.7506073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006793842,0.00004037574,0.6531889,0.000550516,0.00002116204,0.000005753648,0.007145085,0.00245229,0.003078294,0.1318175,0.2004362,0.0005844156],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8704368,0.0002589764,0.001785763,0.002266462,0.0005921276,0.0002131503,0.000001287893,0.0001385982,0.1243068],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996801,0.0001059205,0.002171735,0.0002110275,0.00006099697,0.000004916712,3.71365e-7,0.000002169263,0.000641887],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7500229,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999215,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01506186110798547,"score_gpt":0.3082558830905047,"score_spread":0.2931940219825192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}