{"id":"W4410320072","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136560","title":"Visual characterization, exergy and mechanism analysis of in-situ nonequilibrium dynamic phase-behavior of CO2-oil","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy","topic":"Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Characterization (materials science); Non-equilibrium thermodynamics; Mechanism (biology); In situ; Phase (matter); Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Thermodynamics; Physics; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001167481,0.000220227,0.0001358942,0.000571948,0.0001814608,0.0002824482,0.0003679018,0.0002761363,0.005059372],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001550193,0.0001237921,0.0001933468,0.0002863409,0.0002023626,0.0003440649,0.0001905666,0.0003401541,0.0002298308],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002914526,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001569545,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002015192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002332658,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999611,0.00000193594,0.000001240203,0.000009622011,0.00001481311,0.00001135719],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999044,0.00003385048,0.000009872483,0.00001027716,0.00002742704,0.00001413575],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002874008,0.00004198478,0.001843691,0.0001090205,0.000007916561,0.0001492552,0.0001431285,0.001660972,0.9868464,0.0005223459,0.0003158007,0.008072091],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001243337,0.00005606282,0.01648677,0.000007900038,0.00001196982,0.0001544869,0.0001849996,0.02461853,0.9559619,0.0004480876,0.002042219,0.00001461972],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9658204,0.000222897,0.0258623,0.0001599086,0.00002922175,0.00003164983,0.001190946,0.000890316,0.005792305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942375,0.00008954799,0.003303305,0.00001929407,0.000005315922,0.00001603185,0.0002656146,0.00006536911,0.001997884],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005059372,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01692528,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003899006980436635,"score_gpt":0.2377239126647535,"score_spread":0.2338249056843168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}