{"id":"W4410352084","doi":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104814","title":"An integration of topology optimization and conformal minimal surfaces for additively manufactured liquid-cooled heat sinks","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Additive manufacturing","topic":"Topology Optimization in Engineering","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; FedDev Ontario","keywords":"Materials science; Conformal map; Heat sink; Topology optimization; Topology (electrical circuits); Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Finite element method; Geometry; Combinatorics; Physics; Mathematics; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000345956,0.0004779158,0.0003066162,0.0003964318,0.0001982742,0.0005938539,0.0004126561,0.0002783768,0.001068665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006263658,0.0002208754,0.0003501207,0.0002142427,0.0004143635,0.0004407138,0.0006043939,0.0003941726,0.0002654051],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002776151,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004566516,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002850275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005407337,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997962,0.00004581199,0.000006879218,0.0000250696,0.0001036127,0.00002238608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998122,0.00007251885,0.00003346052,0.00003948313,0.00003099933,0.00001134855],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006617861,0.00006730294,0.0009578115,0.0002378826,0.00003503736,0.0001633148,0.00009268022,0.7621836,0.1367368,0.03285379,0.0006886647,0.06591698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014795,0.0002254244,0.0003136272,0.00001396909,0.00001402452,0.0001281277,0.00004206567,0.9310649,0.05496052,0.006090817,0.007112911,0.00001881462],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.110099,0.0003037485,0.8793687,0.00009523886,0.00004386955,0.0000577405,0.00005890787,0.0004874493,0.009485349],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6474687,0.0002164811,0.3493769,0.00003806555,0.00001331195,0.0001208881,0.000107809,0.0002194403,0.002438488],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001068665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003574967,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006221513497433217,"score_gpt":0.2332005237673626,"score_spread":0.2269790102699294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}