{"id":"W4410452285","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133539","title":"Advances in self-cleaning membranes for effective water and wastewater treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Water treatment; Wastewater; Membrane; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001304216,0.0007377333,0.0005958661,0.0008217624,0.0003427195,0.001216276,0.000709401,0.001232872,0.001821371],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000821295,0.0003592332,0.0006355331,0.0009928817,0.0004661146,0.003172739,0.0009727913,0.001847688,0.001224436],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006534344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009044015,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000485438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006736215,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993743,0.00009543782,0.00004940386,0.0001107743,0.0003061146,0.00006394384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994287,0.0001536271,0.00007888431,0.00005623946,0.0002426253,0.0000400237],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001223982,0.0002191501,0.0008122814,0.004506003,0.00008444751,0.0001951825,0.0002153052,0.001910615,0.6029112,0.0371665,0.005742371,0.3461145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001819327,0.0003663338,0.001762718,0.0003357725,0.000098918,0.0006790341,0.0001377943,0.009341823,0.6357507,0.0116974,0.339738,0.00007335036],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08751375,0.7098282,0.1698849,0.006736607,0.002237146,0.00009514451,0.0003078736,0.0005496348,0.02284672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2621896,0.5927425,0.1252294,0.001633621,0.002453448,0.0001226677,0.0005999077,0.0001496316,0.01487928],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001821371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00689739,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006160002427645405,"score_gpt":0.2695235070314469,"score_spread":0.2633635046038015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}