{"id":"W4410453364","doi":"10.1007/s00180-025-01631-4","title":"FRODO: a novel approach to micro–macro multilevel regression","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computational Statistics","topic":"Statistical Methods and Inference","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Manitoba; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Macro; Multilevel model; Regression; Regression analysis; Computer science; Statistics; Econometrics; Mathematics; Programming language","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006357495,0.001133615,0.002258702,0.00177678,0.0011809,0.002270072,0.004674456,0.001756537,0.009599309],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02838093,0.001180018,0.002476358,0.001814484,0.001508711,0.002293618,0.006591658,0.003892699,0.002344248],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009516684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002711921,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005843885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01287372,"domain_scores_codex":[0.995739,0.002349693,0.0001725754,0.000648273,0.000891259,0.000199297],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9903229,0.005761127,0.0005214324,0.002200601,0.0008277791,0.0003660044],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001700922,0.0001054813,0.002480122,0.0002393216,0.0004422636,0.0002016346,0.0003476797,0.05121125,0.002326829,0.7240234,0.0168021,0.2016498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007498154,0.00006267082,0.0006387953,0.00003504702,0.00009204022,0.0000939005,0.00005802529,0.5896212,0.0007947408,0.3844274,0.02406445,0.00003666988],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005753876,0.00006305105,0.998068,0.0001671105,0.00006035159,0.00002183192,0.000110576,0.0003595,0.0005741099],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04596373,0.0002170997,0.9464698,0.0005192258,0.00030354,0.0003739563,0.0004330789,0.000966397,0.004753211],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009599309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03362203,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1439725278608028,"score_gpt":0.4155903301484972,"score_spread":0.2716178022876944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}