{"id":"W4410455350","doi":"10.1038/s41541-025-01151-8","title":"Durable T cell immunity to COVID-19 vaccines in MS patients on B cell depletion therapy","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Vaccines","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Sanofi Genzyme; National Institutes of Health; TG Therapeutics; National Institute of General Medical Sciences; University of Pennsylvania; Novo Nordisk; National Multiple Sclerosis Society; Horizon Therapeutics; Genentech; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; Multiple Sclerosis Society; Atara Biotherapeutics; Biogen; Celgene; EMD Serono; Alexion Pharmaceuticals; Eli Lilly and Company; U.S. Department of Defense; Sanofi; GlaxoSmithKline; Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada; Amgen","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Immunity; Virology; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Medicine; Immunology; Cell therapy; Cell mediated immunity; Cell; Biology; Immune system; Outbreak; Internal medicine; Disease; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Genetics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004301754,0.0002909799,0.0004300061,0.0007635499,0.0001705303,0.00004979009,0.0003364283,0.0001760024,0.0001139125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005334574,0.00023764,0.0001165975,0.001222973,0.00001213859,0.00009971698,0.0001181097,0.0004011721,0.0002296873],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003482054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004109153,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002697065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004858818,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980198,0.0001627752,0.0004274628,0.0004914886,0.0003913671,0.0005071782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998513,0.0003420952,0.00007250792,0.0007033371,0.0002534127,0.0001156717],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002660651,0.0014867,0.9150705,0.0003370499,0.00002284149,0.00002335764,0.0004454464,0.00001983408,0.05659603,0.00002755914,0.01944466,0.003865318],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01160252,0.001365493,0.5254468,0.0001371013,0.00002338014,0.000001812603,0.0002319293,0.0001143194,0.2697231,0.0003809184,0.1906631,0.0003095935],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9831652,0.0004997359,0.0000744495,0.002585132,0.0003088932,0.001251359,0.000007527738,0.0001181331,0.01198954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9173557,0.0000757078,0.00006575551,0.08133986,0.0001066191,0.000147936,0.00001965167,0.00003379399,0.0008549422],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3896237,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9690678,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03067035906283471,"score_gpt":0.3435058486765491,"score_spread":0.3128354896137144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}