{"id":"W4410472450","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.7358","title":"A Multidimensional Diagnostic Approach for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"JAMA","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"St. Paul's Hospital; McGill University Health Centre; University of British Columbia; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","keywords":"Medicine; Pulmonary disease; Intensive care medicine; Chronic disease; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01180663,0.001032109,0.001040827,0.007863393,0.001276092,0.002077337,0.001454175,0.0009436036,0.002622409],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02221523,0.0002280875,0.001969062,0.005918776,0.001487497,0.001339267,0.003333222,0.002390418,0.0005098527],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003148561,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006333719,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01035824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01470221,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9881129,0.006639628,0.001584331,0.001049124,0.002285038,0.0003290685],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9903551,0.003197766,0.002319394,0.0009441065,0.002646701,0.0005369505],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003117557,0.0003586613,0.6701692,0.002209707,0.00100901,0.0004594705,0.003483055,0.002418098,0.001552472,0.05259254,0.04070646,0.2247295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001537787,0.0005913808,0.7374078,0.002729598,0.0005957832,0.003668138,0.00513512,0.01745065,0.000768849,0.1000945,0.1311085,0.0002959337],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.2515875,0.05723051,0.4798997,0.06677889,0.005560566,0.01595612,0.05175927,0.0009196536,0.07030777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5545973,0.007006899,0.4089036,0.005262963,0.001219796,0.009750408,0.01033615,0.00007438599,0.002848449],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01180663,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06244022,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01791477854516676,"score_gpt":0.2843486069410516,"score_spread":0.2664338283958848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}